Pemanfaatan Isolat Bakteri Bacillus Thuringiensis Terhadap Hama Ulat Grayak (Spodoptera Litura Fab.) Pada Tanaman Kubis (Brassica oleraceae var. Capitata Linn.)

Wibowo Nugroho Jati, Felicia Zahida

Abstract


ABSTRAK

Isolat B. thuringiensis diisolasi dari tanah di Kopeng, Magelang. Isolat dikarekterisasi, diidentifikasi morfologi sel, koloni, pengecatan gram, pembentukan spora dan kristal protein didentifikasi sebagai anggota B. thuringiensis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi bakteri B. thuringiensis dari sampel tanah, uji patogenisitas bakteri B. thuringiensis terhadap larva S. litura, dan pembuatan serbuk bioinsektisida ramah lingkungan. Hasil pengujian menunjukan bahwa isolat tersebut dapat menyebabkan mortalitas berkisar 20-100%, setelah pengamatan 48 jam. Dengan konsentrasi 1,5 X 107 spora per/ml hanya ada 8 isolat bakteri B. thuringiensis (K4, K6, K8, K12, K14, W5, S3, dan S10) yang dapat menyebabkan mortalitas larva S. litura lebih dari 50 %. Khusus isolat K14, dapat membunuh 100% larva S. litura selama pengamatan 24 jam. Oleh karena itu isolat K14 dipilh menjadi bahan pembuatan bioinsektisida ramah lingkungan, telah didaftarkan Paten No. P00201603458.

Kata kunci: Bacillus thuringiensis, Spodoptera litura, Brassica oleraceae.

ABSTRACT

Isolate B. thuringiensis was isolated from the soil in Kopeng, Magelang. The isolate was characterized; the cell morphological, the colony, the gram staining, the spores formation, and the crystal protein of the isolate were identified and then classified as the member of B. thuringiensis. The purposes of this research are to isolate B. thuringiensis from soil sample, to test the pathogenic effect of B. thuringiensis on S. litura larvae, and to make a sustainable living bio-insecticide powder. The test result showed that the isolate can cause 20-100% mortality after 48 hours. There are only 8 isolates of B. thuringiensis (K4, K6, K8, K12, K14, W5, S3, dan S10) that can cause more than 50% mortality of S. litura larvae with concentration 1,5 x 107 spores/ml. One of the isolates, K14, was special because it creased 100% of S. litura larvae for 24 hours. Therefore, isolate K14 is selected to be the substance for sustainable living bio-insecticide, and patented number P00201603458

Keywords: Bacillus thuringiensis, Spodoptera litura, Brassica oleraceae.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.21460/sendimas2016.2016.01.31

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